For kidney malformations, these significant differences were primarily driven by the relative overabundance of kidney malformations in individuals with ARID1A (normalized Pearson residual of Chi-square analysis = 2.19), SMARCE1 (residual = 3.44), and SMARCB1 (residual = 3.1) variants, and an underabundance of kidney malformations in individuals with ARID1B (residual = −2.18) variants (Figure S1). Here, ARID1B is linked to Abnormal renal morphology.