TNF and arthritic joint disease: Curculigoside A (32), the main active compound in C. orchioides, significantly relieved the hind paw swelling and arthritis index, reduced the serum pro-inflammatory factor levels of IL-6 IL-1β, PGE2 and TNF-α, decreased MDA and increased SOD activity in serum, and effectively down-regulated the expression of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) induced adjuvant arthritis rats [92].