CD40LG and bacterial infectious disease: Similar data was obtained during an investigation of causative agents of acute fever in samples collected in the neighboring West African country of Mali: evidence of viral or bacterial infection was found in 39.9% of samples (14.4% Leptospira spp., 7.7% DENV, 5.3% CHIKV, 0.27% WNFV, 7.2% hantaviruses, 0.27% LASV, and 4.8% CCHFV IgM-positive, respectively) [36].