IFIH1 and Flavivirus Infections: As for flavivirus infection, membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLR3 and TLR7) and cytoplasmic receptors (retinoic acid-inducible gene I [RIG-I] and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 [MDA5]) have been shown to be PRRs detecting viral genomic RNA [83,84,85,86,87].