PIK3R3 and neoplasm: Moreover, DK1 also enhanced the expression of several other tumor suppressor genes that are related to this pathway such as FOXO, TP73, CDKN1A, Caspase, CYCS, and GADD45A while impeded the expression of other proto-oncogenes namely PIK3R3, BCL-2, IGFBP2, HGF, and FGF [41,42,43,44].