Although its pathogeny in ARMD remains unclear, evidence for factor D (FD) in the ARMD pathogeny is as follows: in a model of FD genetic deficiency, mice were unprotected against oxidative stress-mediated photoreceptors degeneration, and increased complement systemic activation, including Factor D, was detected in the serum of ARMD patients versus controls [18]. Here, LIF is linked to age-related macular degeneration.