In addition, MSNs were successfully used for transdermal delivery of siRNA targeting TGF βR-1 (TGF βR-1) to the skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a mouse xenograft mode; the results showed a loading capacity of 1.4 μg of oligonucleotide per mg of MSNs and a 2-fold suppression of TGFβR-1 for MSNs containing TGFβR-1 siRNA as compared to controls [36]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFBR1 and skin squamous cell carcinoma.