PTPN1 and Hepatic steatosis: Curcumin also alleviated the hypertriglyceridemia and hepatic steatosis induced by a high fructose diet in rats, and the protective mechanism was achieved by inhibiting a cascade signal of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) [205], which is related to insulin and leptin signaling deficiency, and ultimately elevated the expression of PPARα.