Meanwhile, it was recently reported that the effect of punicalagin on reducing diabetes-related islet, liver, and kidney injury in diabetic mice can also be achieved by stimulating PI3K/AKT signaling and inhibiting the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, which is involved in gluconeogenesis and the inflammatory response [197]. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and diabetes mellitus.