STAT3 and fungal infectious disease: There are plenty of case reports and case series demonstrating that the adjunctive use of IFN-γ to boost antifungal immunity can provide therapeutic benefit against invasive mycoses [18], especially in patients with congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies, including Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3)-deficiency or HIV infection [19,20], in whom the impaired immune responses predispose to fungal infections [21].