At a molecular level, activation of the nuclear factor (NF) Kappa (κ) B pathway was considered as a central mechanism for MALT lymphoma, irrespective of their origin as shown by frequent genetic aberrations affecting the NF-kB pathway, including t(11;18)(q21;q21)/BIRC3(API2)-MALT1, t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IGH-MALT1, and t(1;14)(p22;q32)/BCL10-IGH [14]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is MALT lymphoma.