The aim of the study was, therefore, to evaluate the use of serum biomarkers (IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin 3, MBP, and TGF-β1) in the diagnosis and monitoring of EoE by assessing their correlation with the occurrence, as well as endoscopic and histopathological advancement of EoE in patients diagnosed with dysphagia. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and eosinophilic esophagitis.