Six involved signaling of cellular/organismal growth proliferation and development (PI3K/AKT, mTOR, ILK, integrin, ErbB4, and PCP); three were linked to apoptosis (induction of apoptosis by HIV1, LPS-stimulated MAPK signaling, and apoptosis signaling), and two were linked to cancer (PI3K/AKT and PCP) (Figure 3D). This evidence concerns the gene ILK and cancer.