Although it has been argued that, since ANI is “asymptomatic”, it may have little clinical significance, recent research reported in patients with ANI the presence of grey and white matter abnormalities [28], along with abnormal blood plasma biomarkers (e.g., nadir CD4 count, neopterin, neurofilament light chains) [5]. Here, NEFL is linked to asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment.