In a phase II/III trial, twenty patients with Stage III and IV CKD (eGFR 15–60 mg/mL) received two doses of umbilical-MSC-EVs (100 μg/kg/dose) one week apart, and this increased eGFR and reduced serum creatinine, BUN, and urinary albumin creatinine ratio within one year [186]. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and chronic kidney disease.