In addition, BM-MSCs obtained from the blastic phase (Bp) of CML patients in vitro protect primary CML Bp cells from apoptosis induced by Adriamycin via reduction in caspase-3 and Bax expression, an increase in Bcl-2 levels, and activation of the Wnt pathway [201]. This evidence concerns the gene BAX and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.