Several sepsis studies investigate the interaction of melatonin with NLRP3 in mouse hearts, where sepsis activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and melatonin injection suppresses this activity, confirmed by a decrease in the levels of mature caspase-1 and IL-1β, NLRP3, and ASC [59,88,89,90]. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is Sepsis.