TNF and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy: Finally, it is worth noting that, in nearly all studies, salivary IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α levels in OPMD patients, are lower than in OSCC patients and that, for all cytokines, their levels are significantly different with respect to the control population [27,29,32,34,35,41,43,44,45,46,47,48,50].