Quantification of the GFAP-stained area (Figure 3b) showed that it was significantly increased in hyperammonemic rats (26 ± 0.6 μm2, p < 0.001) compared to controls (22 ± 0.4 μm2) but not in control or hyperammonemic rats treated with bicuculline (23 ± 0.6 and 23 ± 0.6 μm2, respectively, p < 0.01 compared with hyperammonemia without bicuculline) (Welch ANOVA test: F (3.0, 336.6) = 11.17, p < 0.0001), indicating that bicuculline reversed astrocyte activation in the cerebellum of hyperammonemic rats. The gene discussed is GFAP; the disease is Hyperammonemia.