The characterisation of melanoma patients into different groups based on the presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and PD-L1 expression predicted that PD-L1+TIL+ patients were the most likely to respond to immunotherapies, while PD-L1−TIL− patients were likely not to respond to single-agent blockade probably due to a lack of pre-existing T cells [7]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and melanoma.