ACTA1 and Hepatic fibrosis: EVs from human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stromal cells reduced expression of αSMA, TGF-β, CCN2 and vimentin in human LX2 HSC in vitro and attenuated collagen deposition and profibrotic gene expression in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice, with the therapeutic effect attributed to elevated levels of EV miR-486-5p which suppressed Smo Hh receptor expression and signaling in HSC [281].