ACTA1 and renal fibrosis: Renal fibrosis in vivo was shown to be EV-dependent by treating mice with the exosome inhibitors GW4869 or dimethyl amiloride (DMA) which resulted in decreased fibrosis and decreased expression of fibronectin (FN), αSMA, collagen I, and/or fibroblast-specific protein in I/R or UUO models [108,109].