Moreover, TMAO may have a direct influence on cardiac oxidative stress, but it stimulated mitochondrial ROS generation and inhibited manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) activation and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) expressions in HUVECs and aortas in apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-KO mice with atherosclerosis [104]. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is atherosclerosis.