Other cytokines were found to be responsible for T1D pathogenesis and immune attack on β-cells, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ), CXCL10, IL-6, IL-17, IL-21, tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and others, as well as cytokine receptors IL-4R, IL-6R, and IL-13R [22]. Here, TNF is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.