Currently, there exist five anti-PD-1/PD-L1 ICIs—pembrolizumab, nivolumab, cemiplimab (anti-PD-1), atezolizumab, and durvalumab (anti-PD-L1)—which have been proven to be effective in treating advanced NSCLC, based on the results of several large and pivotal clinical trials [20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.