IGF1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The protective role of IGF-1 in the heart is corroborated by the correlation between low circulating IGF-1 levels and the higher risk of cardiovascular disease in aging; moreover, reduced IGF-1 expression level is associated with glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus and obesity suggesting that cardiac metabolism could be modulated by IGF-1 [97,98].