Elevated expression of 11 cytokines (granulocyte colony stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), fractalkine, fibroblast growth factor 2, IFN-α2, IL-12p70, IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-2, and IL-13) was found to be strongly associated with severe irAEs in melanoma patients. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and melanoma.