In addition, to protect against dietary obesity, SIRT1 in SF1 neurons is relevant for homeostatic responses that can protect against dietary diabetes, since mice overexpressing SIRT1 exclusively in SF1 neurons were protected from developing diet-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and hyperglycemia, whereas mice lacking SIRT1 in the same neurons were more prone to develop insulin resistance in skeletal muscle after HFD [57]. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and diabetes mellitus.