CD8A and neoplasm: In view of the above findings [54,60,61] and the elusive nature of PD-1—which can identify T cells that are at their highest level of activation under certain conditions—it is possible that the CD8+ TNFR2+ PD-1+ TILs that we identified in the chemotherapy-treated TNBC tumors consisted of activated/effector cytotoxic T cells that could exert anti-tumor activities and lead to reduced tumor growth.