The stimulatory effects of hyperglycemia are enhanced by saturated fatty acids by engaging Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 receptors to induce ROS production, NFκB activation, and proinflammatory factor release in the adipose tissue and other tissues including leukocytes of the innate immune system to contribute to systemic inflammation and exacerbation of metabolic derangements as obesity and T2DM progress [43,44]. The gene discussed is TLR2; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.