PCA3 was first described in 1999 by Bussemakers et al. [61] as a non-coding mRNA only expressed in human prostate tissue but significantly overexpressed in PCa and is used in clinical practice as Progensa® PCA3 assay, an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test, developed by Hologic [62], approved by the FDA to be used in conjunction with other patient information to aid the decision for repeat biopsy in men 50 years of age or older with one or more previous negative prostate biopsies. The gene discussed is PCA3; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.