TLR4 and Sepsis: It has been reported that the high activity of the endotoxin (LPS) is associated with multiple organ failure and mortality of sepsis [25], but pharmaceutical agents targeting endotoxins, such as anti-endotoxin monoclonal antibody, Toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, and endotoxin adsorption using polymyxin B, have shown negative results in clinical trials [26,27,28].