In fact, the positive results of tipifarnib in a phase II clinical trial for the treatment of HRAS-mutant HNSCC and thyroid cancer (NCT02383927) has recently resulted in a Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) by the FDA for the treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic HRAS-mutant HNSCC. This evidence concerns the gene HRAS and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.