A study by He et al. showed that granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are significantly expressed in the peritumoral area of HCC, modulating neutrophils to an immunosuppressive profile, enhancing the PD-L1 expression and their capacity to suppress T cells [45]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma.