First of all, in NSCLC, a well-known immunotherapy-responsive tumor, Forde et al. showed that two doses of the anti-PD-1 nivolumab (3 mg/kg every two weeks) in untreated, resectable (stage I-IIIA) tumors was safe and did not delay the planned surgery, while conferring a major pathological response in 9 out of 20 patients operated irrespectively of PD-L1 status, although the pre-treatment tumor mutational burden was predictive of pathologic response [34]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.