Protein misfolding cyclic amplification and real-time quaking-induced conversion assays have been applied to an increasing number of pathologies, starting with prion-related pathologies [231,232] and expanding to synucleinopathies [233,234], tauopathies and AD [235,236,237] and TDP-43-related pathologies [238], yielding a very a high diagnostic accuracy from ex vivo samples. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and tauopathy.