Regarding carcinogenesis, miR-100 overexpression inhibits the transcription of a number of proteins in the IGF/mTOR signaling pathway, such as IGF1R, IGF2, MCL1, with a role in tumor proliferation and survival and involved in the development of several types of cancers: urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, breast carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), acute leukemia, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, H&N cancers, HCC, prostatic adenocarcinoma, NSCLC [280]. The gene discussed is IGF1R; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.