In a study in which 60 NAFLD patients were randomized into probiotic and placebo groups for 12 weeks, the group receiving the probiotic mixture had significant increases in the gut microbiota Agathobaculum, Dorea (OTU 527923), Dorea (OTU 195044), Blautia, Ruminococcus, and Dorea (OTU 470168) and decreases in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and TNF-α levels [41]. Here, TNF is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.