Recently, Cai et al. found that GLP-1 is able to prevent oxidative stress-induced dysfunction and autophagy in human endothelial cells, and that the protective effects of GLP-1 might be dependent upon downstream restoration of the epigenetic factor histone deacetylase 6, a downstream molecular effector of EKR1/2 induced by oxidant injury, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of GLP-1 in the prevention and treatment of endothelial damage induced by oxidative stress in subjects with T2D [147]. This evidence concerns the gene GCG and type 2 diabetes mellitus.