However, when T1D rats underwent insulin treatment, in spite of increased body weight, erectile function was restored to the same extent as that of control littermates, together with enhanced expression of key markers of endothelial function within the cavernosal tissue (i.e., PECAM-1, phospho-/total eNOS, phospho-/total MYPT1) [58]. Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.