Zebrafish Abcd1 mutant models show key biochemical and nervous system alteration features of X-ALD (increased level of C26:0, accumulation of cholesterol, hypomyelinated spinal cord, modified development of interrenal gland and brain, early alteration of motor behavior, decreased survival, and modified oligodendrocytes pattern associated with apoptosis). Here, ABCD1 is linked to adrenoleukodystrophy.