Similarly, among the genes highly down-regulated, we identified a subset of genes (i.e. ASH1L-AS1, CXCL8, DUSP4, EPC1, PANK2, PCIF1, PHLDA1 and PMAIP1) that were only highly down-regulated in peripheral T-cell lymphoma, whilst being up-regulated in nearly all of the remaining diseases they were in (i.e. 17 diseases on average). This evidence concerns the gene PMAIP1 and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified.