VIL1 and cancer: Furthermore, the coexpression of multiple ABPs in certain cancer is persuasive in judging the development or prognosis of cancer: for example, the overexpression of both cortactin and fasin-1 in the tissues of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer [122], the expression patterns of tensin, profilin-1, villin-1, and talin collective protein available as biomarkers to evaluate the prognosis of ESCC patients [125], and the coexpression of VASP phosphorylation, profilin-1, and cofilin-1 in lung cancer tissues as biomarkers for lung cancer development [104].