CD4 and disease arising from reactivation of latent virus: In a recent study, Yukl’s group identified HIV multiple splicing as a common block in three primary cell models of latent infection and in peripheral CD4+ T-cells isolated from HIV infected ART suppressed individuals (Moron-Lopez et al., 2020), confirming previous findings from the same group that showed a series of blocks to HIV proximal elongation, distal transcription/polyadenylation and splicing preventing HIV expression in CD4+ T-cells from blood of HIV infected patients on ART (Yukl et al., 2018).