Under the pressure of ICBs-induced immune activation, tumor cells can increase the infiltration of regulatory T cells via IFN-β/NOS2 (88), recruit myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) via PD-L1-NLRP3-Wnt5a-CXCR2 (96), and secrete CSF-1 to increase the level of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) (97). This evidence concerns the gene CSF1 and neoplasm.