The epididymis also showed comparable morphology between wild type and Arrdc4–/– mice, with no signs of infection, inflammation or scarring (commonly seen in epididymitis patients), and tubules containing ample sperm deposits in both proximal (caput) and distal (cauda) regions, demonstrating that no blockage is occurring (Figure 2b). This evidence concerns the gene ARRDC4 and epididymitis.