CD8A and breast carcinoma: Using orthotopic breast cancer models in mice, we previously found that blocking vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) normalizes the tumor vasculature, polarizes immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to an immunostimulatory phenotype, enhances the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and improves the effectiveness of a cancer vaccine3.