ConvenientShorter, thinner needles reduce injection pain and risk of intramuscular injection versus longer needlesAssociated with improved adherence and lower hypoglycaemia risk versus syringesFlexible dosing; delivering insulin in increments of 0.5–2 units (good for children and those needing tight insulin control) Allow people with visual impairment or dexterity issues to dose accurately. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Hypoglycemia.