Moreover, TRAF3IP2 was increased in the islets of HFD-fed and db/db mice (n = 5) (Fig. 7d, e), and in the islets incubated with 0.5 mmol/l palmitate and pro-inflammatory cytokines (Fig. 7f, g), indicating a negative correlation between βFaar and TRAF3IP2 under conditions of obesity. The gene discussed is TRAF3IP2; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.