Infection also induces cPLA2α transcription via transcriptional factors, such as nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), Krüppel-like factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (Hif), specificity protein 1 (Sp1), and c-Jun, that are well known to regulate immune cell activation (Su et al., 2004; Dennis and Norris, 2015; Lane et al., 2019). Here, SP1 is linked to infection.