The circulating level of IGF1 coupled with IGFBPs has been correlated with the risk of developing various cancers, including breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancers through human epidemiological studies (Chan et al., 1998; Hankinson et al., 1998; Ma et al., 1999; Yu et al., 1999; Shi et al., 2001). The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is prostate cancer.