However, we observe a dichotomy impact of miR-548d, when upregulated in the early stage of in vitro infection of THP-1 derived monocytes by L. braziliensis (6–24 h) that is apparently reducing MCP-1 and RANTES at the infection site, contributing to the control of local inflammatory response, but at the same time, it is enabling parasite growth subverting the inflammatory response and lesion wound healing. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is infection.