Tumor cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment can secrete CCL2, which interacts with its chemokine receptor CCR2 and exerts a critical role not only in recruiting bone marrow-derived monocytes into tumors and differentiation of monocytes into TAMs, but also in recruiting other immunosuppressive cells such as MDSCs and regulatory T cells (26, 76, 82). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and neoplasm.